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#Zoonoses

3 posts3 participants0 posts today

"Inside the thriving wild-animal markets that could start the next pandemic"

Content warning: pictures of dead animals

The article has a paywall after a good chunk of "free" text. It's not clear to me how much of the many $billions market for these animals is for scams like selling parts for "medicinal properties", but there's clearly a lot. It's another reminder of why pseudoscience needs to be fought.

I'm getting really tired of human greed and stupidity.

nature.com/articles/d41586-025

www.nature.comExclusive: Inside the thriving wild-animal markets that could start the next pandemicLive-animal markets are a natural laboratory for viruses to evolve and spark deadly outbreaks, yet scientists lack support to study the risks they pose.

The feds should've included testing of imported dogs for Echinococcus multilocularis (like for rabies). Humans don't know they've been infected for 5-15 years when the tumour becomes big. Foxes aren't listed by CFIA, so I assume they aren't allowed to be imported.

So, this site is very simple, but it's been around for years. Visit the forum for the latest posts about #diseases and #zoonoses.

For example, I found this item, posted by one of the moderators, under the thread:
#Texas - #AvianInfluenza in mammals and livestock 2023-2025 [Click the fast forward button to get to the latest post]

"Media (City of Spur, Facebook page)
City of #SpurTexas
May 8, 2025

"Important Notice: #BirdFlu Detected in #StrayCats

"The Texas Department of State Health Services has alerted us that a strain of bird flu is affecting stray cats in the area. The symptoms can look similar to rabies, and this virus is highly contagious to humans.

"Please be cautious around stray cats. If you see a sick or unusually acting cat, DO NOT TOUCH IT. Report it to City of Spur or the appropriate authorities right away.

"Your safety is important - stay alert and help spread the word!​"

flutrackers.com/forum/search?s

#HPAINews #AvianInfluenza
#H5N1 #LPAI #HPAITexas #HPAI #BirdFlu #HealthInformation #Parasites #HPAIResources #DiseaseResources #CDCFundingCuts

FluTrackers News and InformationSearch Result - FluTrackers News and InformationvBulletin Search

#WAHIS: World Animal Health Information System

"WAHIS is the global animal health reference database of the World Organisation for Animal Health (#WOAH). WAHIS data reflects the validated information since 2005 reported by the Veterinary Services from Member and non-Member Countries and Territories on terrestrial and aquatic Listed diseases in domestic animals and wildlife, as well as on emerging #diseases and #zoonoses.

"WAHIS includes interactive mapping tools and dashboards to support data consultation, visualization and extraction of officially validated animal health data."

wahis.woah.org/#/home

wahis.woah.orgWAHIS

"How Close Are We to the Avian Flu Outbreak Escalating Into a Pandemic?"

acsh.org/news/2025/01/16/how-c

A nice and readable article. I'll only quote one paragraph:

<💬>
Where are we now? As Dr. Jeremy Faust, a Harvard Medical School physician, warns, “our current circumstance is akin to a game of Russian Roulette — and there have never been more bullets in the chamber.”
</💬>

American Council on Science and HealthHow Close Are We To The Avian Flu Outbreak Escalating Into a pandemic?Avian flu is rampant in poultry farms and in wild birds in the U.S. Every mutation brings the virus one step closer to the brink of human-to-human transmission, but predicting whether a virus will cross that threshold remains an uncertain science.

🔬 "The H5N6 Virus Containing Internal Genes From H9N2 Exhibits Enhanced Pathogenicity and Transmissibility"

(avian influenza - bird flu)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10

<💬>
the H5N6 virus, whose internal genes were derived from H9N2, could pose a greater threat to human health. Therefore, continuous monitoring of different recombinant H5N6 viruses in poultry should be carried out to prevent their transmission to humans
</💬>

It's not just the h5n1 type of avian influenza that is a problem, a "looming threat" somewhere near the horizon. There are other types that are making evolutionary gains to infect more fleshy biomass.

<💬>
Genetic recombination of AIVs is very common in wild birds, but stable genomic evolution occurs in poultry [18, 19]. Due to the migration routes, habitat geography, and ecological distribution of birds, as well as complex herd immunity, progressively AIV carried by birds accumulate amino acid substitution, while stable host transformations such as poultry, horses, pigs, and humans lead to several poorly characterized mutations that separate single clonal influenza virus strains from the AIV gene pool of large wild birds [20].
</💬>

The whole world (but mostly the Northern Hemisphere) is a natural laboratory for avian influenza viruses. These viruses "innovate" between wild birds, and then pave new roads into many mammals, especially the very large biomass of domestic mammals.

<💬>
the combination of large poultry populations allows natural selection to effectively drive rapid antigenic and genetic changes within a single subtype, while recombination with the AIV gene pool carried in wild birds contributes to the generation of a new genome pool [18]. Poultry plays an important role in the evolution of new recombinant AIVs, and stable genetic evolution is a characteristic of AIVs for adapting to mammals [18, 19].
</💬>

Wild birds (and small/backyard birds) drive the evolution of new genetic traits. Large domestic bird flocks stabilize the new traits, allowing for "scaling up" infection. As Rob Wallace put it: "Big Farms Make Big Flu" (he has a book).

"Study Warns That Cats Might Be Bird Flu Carriers"

healthday.com/health-news/pets

<💬>
🙀 Cats may provide a pathway for bird flu to infect humans

🙀 Public health experts urge increased bird flu surveillance in felines

🙀 Bird flu has a high mortality rate in cats, posing significant health risks
</💬>

Bird flu, like COVID-19, is a multi-species disease. How many species? Let's not find out.

<💬>
The virus, which began circulating in dairy cattle earlier this year, has killed many cats, mainly on farms where herds were infected. It has also sickened at least 60 people, most of whom had direct contact with infected dairy cows or poultry.
</💬>

One of the "signals" of bird flu at a cow farm is dead cats... the canary in the casein mine.

<💬>
Cats frequently mingle with both wild animals and people, which could turn them into a bridge for the virus to evolve.
</💬>

Another reason for --indoor-- cats.

There's also a possibility, usually, in government biosecurity plans, that if there's an outbreak involving humans, companion animals like cats and dogs will be taken and killed.

www.healthday.com · Study Warns That Cats Might Be Bird Flu CarriersBy India Edwards

Source: Lancet Microbe, https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS2666-5247(24)00234-9/fulltext

Summary
A systematic risk assessment approach is essential for evaluating the relative risk of influenza A viruses (IAVs) with pandemic potential. To achieve this, the Tool for Influenza Pandemic Risk Assessment (TIPRA) was developed under the Global Influenza Programme of WHO. Since its release in 2016 and update in 2020, TIPRA has been used to assess the pandemic risk of 11 zoonotic IAVs across ten evaluation rounds. Notably, A(H7N9), A(H9N2), and A(H5) clade 2.3.4.4 viruses were re-evaluated owing to changes in epidemiological characteristics or virus properties. A(H7N9) viruses had the highest relative risk at the time of assessment, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring and reassessment as changes in epidemiological trends within animal and human populations can alter risk profiles. The knowledge gaps identified throughout the ten risk assessments should help to guide the efficient use of resources for future research, including surveillance. The TIPRA tool reflects the One Health approach and has proven crucial for closely monitoring virus dynamics in both human and non-human populations to enhance preparedness for potential IAV pandemics.

____

https://etidioh.wordpress.com/2024/10/14/pandemic-risk-characterisation-of-zoonotic-influenza-a-viruses-using-the-tool-for-influenza-pandemic-risk-assessment-tipra/

#aH5n1#aH7n9#aH9n2