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#mites

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Naturally occurring variation in gene-associated transposable elements impacts gene expression and phenotypic diversity in woodland strawberry.
#Transposons #MITEs #WoodlandStrawberry #Fragariavesca #PlantScience #Preprint
biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

bioRxiv · Naturally occurring variation in gene-associated transposable elements impacts gene expression and phenotypic diversity in woodland strawberryTransposable elements (TEs) constitute a major portion of plant genomes and play key roles in shaping genome architecture, regulating gene expression, and driving genome evolution. In this study, we generated a comprehensive and curated TE library for the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) by integrating two bioinformatic pipelines (EDTA and DeepTE). Our annotation revealed that TEs account for approximately 37% of the F. vesca genome. Analysis of TE-derived inverted repeats (IRs) and miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) demonstrated their association with 24-nt small interfering RNA (siRNA) production and differential DNA methylation patterns across tissues, suggesting a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, particularly during fruit ripening. This MITE-mediated epigenetic regulatory mechanism was confirmed by evaluating gene expression and chromatin organization at FvH4\_7g18570, which encodes the alcohol acyl transferase (FvAAT1). Three MITEs located upstream or downstream of the FvAAT1 coding sequence were shown to influence epigenetically this gene expression. Furthermore, we analyzed 210 re-sequenced accessions from the F. vesca European germplasm collection to identify and annotate TE insertion and deletion polymorphisms. A principal component analysis (PCA) based on these polymorphisms revealed subpopulation structures that reflect geographic origins. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) uncovered significant associations between specific TE polymorphisms and economically important fruit traits, including aroma-related volatile compounds and fruit size. Among them, the insertion of a hAT MITE near FvH4\_2g00610 correlated with increased levels of γ-decalactone, a desirable aroma compound in strawberries. These findings underscore the functional significance of TE-derived elements as key contributors to phenotypic diversity through novel regulatory functions. By integrating TE polymorphisms into population-genomic and functional studies, this work provides valuable insights into strawberry fruit development and quality traits. It also highlights the potential of harnessing TE-mediated variation in breeding initiatives and genome editing strategies to improve fruit quality. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
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@entsocamerica

Interesting:

"Varroa mites originally evolved to parasitize Apis cerana, the honey bee species native to Asia, and only affected drones of that species. When Varroa mites infect worker brood in Asian bees, the larva dies and the Varroa mite can’t reproduce."

"As they adapted to the honey bees (Apis mellifera) common in Europe and North America, however, Varroa mites became able to parasitize drone, queen, or worker bees. However, there is a still a large preference for drone brood. Varroa mites are often 5–10 times more abundant in drone brood cells than worker or queen cells. Since drones take longer to mature into adults and the drone brood are bigger, the Varroa mites can produce more offspring in these cells. By removing excess drone brood, a beekeeper can eliminate a large portion of their Varroa mite population."

Flipped over a piece of log on a big dead stump and there were tons of those little iridescent blue-purple springtails, but also several mesostigs. I was watching them hoping one would catch a springtail, and one seemed to be questing about for something. Then it chased after one of the other mites, flung itself on its back, and after some tumbling around ended up clinging to its underside. Then, this. I'm not even sure what's happening, I don't even know what appendages these mites use for sperm transfer.

edit: oh yeah I forgot to add they're totally having sex

Mapping #Antarctica's hidden ice-free lands: A blueprint for conservation phys.org/news/2025-01-antarcti paper: nature.com/articles/s41597-025

"The ice-free lands are home to uniquely adapted flora including micro-forests of #lichens, #moss, and two flowering plants, Antarctic hairgrass and pearlwort. They also sustain a variety of #mites, #springtails, #tardigrades, #nematodes, #algae, and #microbes. #Seabirds have established breeding colonies in these areas too."

Hummingbird flower #mites found to use #electroreception to hitch rides on #hummingbirds between flowers phys.org/news/2025-01-hummingb

Electric transportation and electroreception in hummingbird flower mites pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2419

"for a mite to catch a ride, all it needed to do was move a few steps closer to the arriving #hummingbird. Once it landed, it would remain in the #bird's nostrils to prevent being blown off as the bird flew. It could then jump down onto a flower as the hummingbird fed"

New blog post: my top 10 favourite arachnid observations from June onwards! Lifers, rare sightings, and more. Plus, one of my favourite Odyssey passages. nevillepark.ca/2025/01/01/arac

If you missed my earlier post covering January to May 2024, find it here: nevillepark.ca/2024/05/15/rece

nevillepark.caArachnid summer/fall highlights – Neville Park

There's a tiny native mite in NZ, about 1/10 mm long, called Eriophyes totarae, that only feeds on the buds of male tōtara trees.

I learned about them this month when Rene, a PhD student at #LincolnUniversityNZ studying tōtara seed and seedling ecology, asked me what the aborted buds were on a tōtara branch. We looked it up and learned of these tiny mites.

I've since found some in Ōtautahi-Christchurch city.

inaturalist.nz/observations/25

iNaturalist NZTotara bud mite (Eriophyes totarae)Totara bud mite from Sydenham, Christchurch, New Zealand on December 2, 2024 at 02:10 PM by Jon Sullivan. Bud galls on a planted tōtara along Jacksons Creek.