"Regulators around the world are working to address competition issues in digital markets, particularly on mobile devices. Several new laws have already been passed, including the UK’s Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act (DMCC), Japan’s Smartphone Act, and the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA). Australia and the United States are also considering similar legislation with the U.S. Department of Justice pursuing an antitrust case against Apple. Across all of these efforts, common questions arise: How should competition, user choice, and utility be balanced against security concerns? What is proportionate and necessary in relation to security? And how effective is app store review in practice?
The DMA is a helpful act to look at as it has been in force the longest and many of these other acts are loosely based on it. The DMA aims to restore contestability, interoperability, choice and fairness back to digital markets in the EU. These fundamental properties of an effectively functioning digital market have been eroded by the extreme power gatekeepers wield via their control of “core platform services”.
Under the DMA gatekeepers are only allowed to have strictly necessary, proportionate and justified security measures to protect the integrity of the operating system."
https://open-web-advocacy.org/blog/balancing-security-and-fair-competition/
