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#pastoralism

0 posts0 participants0 posts today
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NSW.Biodiversity

First the thylacine, then the dingo...

"The thylacine was hunted to extinction by early European settlers, especially pastoralists, for killing livestock."
threatenedspecieslink.tas.gov.

Dingoes are being culled in Victoria. How much harm to the species is needed to protect commercial profits?
"The current case is an important test for how the law balances the needs of humans and animals – and in particular, how much harm is deemed “necessary” at law to protect commercial profit and livelihood."
theconversation.com/dingoes-ar
#dingoes #thylacine #Australia #law #extinction #pastoralism #livestock

www.threatenedspecieslink.tas.gov.auThylacine   - Threatened Species Link
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BellingenNSW

Deliberate extinction makers
Drawn to Extinction: Depicting the Thylacine | Jack Ashby

"The Linnean Society holds one of the earliest European illustrations of the species, by John Lewin, painted shortly after the species became known to the colonists. The last known thylacine died in September 1936."

"The way thylacines – and other Australian mammals – were depicted and described by artists, scientists and museums profoundly shaped the West’s relationship with them. This talk will explore their story, and how colonial ideals influence they way we have come to know them."
Next for the koala, the glider...
>>
youtube.com/watch?v=O8qtzQkPfU
#Thylacine #extinction #wildlife #paintings #illustrations #colonialism #pastoralism #legacy

YouTubeDrawn to Extinction: Depicting the Thylacine | Jack AshbyBy Linnean Society
Public
Open Book Publishers

📢Day 2 of #oeweek brings a new OA title: 'A Country of #Shepherds: Cultural Stories of a Changing #Mediterranean Landscape' by Kathleen Ann Myers.

🐑🌿Discover the lives of Andalusian shepherds & their impact on ecological farming & cultural heritage.

This book draws on the life stories told by #shepherds, #farmers, and their families in the #Andalusian region in #Spain to sketch out the #landscapes, actions, and challenges of people who work in #pastoralism. Their narratives highlight how local practices interact with #regional and #European communities and #policies, and they help us see a broader role for extensive grazing practices and #sustainability.

'A Country of #Shepherds' is timely, reflecting the growing interest in ecological farming methods as well as the #Spanish #government’s recent work with #UNESCO to recognise the seasonal movement of herd animals in the #IberianPeninsula as an Intangible #CulturalHeritage.

🔗Access at openbookpublishers.com/books/1

Cover of 'A Country of Shepherds' on a 3D image of a tablet, a phone, and a book.
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BellingenNSW

"Truth-telling is now more important than ever.

What has been a personal choice is now a national imperative […] Denialism is no longer a viable option. A wall of scholarship built by many hands over the last fifty years stands in the way." - Henry Reynolds, Truth-Telling. History, Sovereignty and the Uluru Statement

>>
Friday essay: neither a monster nor a saint … Sir Samuel Griffith, Queensland’s violent frontier and the rigours of truth-telling
theconversation.com/friday-ess
#TruthTelling #Australia #violence #denial #iconoclasm #CollectiveMemory #CulturalIdentity #IndigenousPeoples #SettlerSocieties #pastoralism #plantations #StructureOrEvent

The ConversationFriday essay: neither a monster nor a saint … Sir Samuel Griffith, Queensland’s violent frontier and the rigours of truth-tellingMany argue Samuel Griffith, twice Queensland premier and our first chief justice, is guilty of colonial war crimes. Raymond Evans searched for the evidence to nail him but found a different story.
Public
Bibliolater 📚 📜 🖋

"The first such migration is predicted to have occurred at the onset of the Neolithic, and accordingly J1e parallels the establishment of rain-fed agriculture and semi-nomadic herders throughout the Fertile Crescent. Subsequently, J1e lineages might have been involved in episodes of the expansion of pastoralists into arid habitats coinciding with the spread of Arabic and other Semitic-speaking populations."

Chiaroni, J., King, R., Myres, N. et al. The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations. Eur J Hum Genet 18, 348–353 (2010). doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2009.166 #Journal #Article #Science #STEM #Genetics #Anthropology #Genealogy #Biology #Haplogroup #Neolithic #Arabic #Languages #Pastoralism #Academia #Academic #Academics @science @biology @anthropology

Continued thread
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VeganPizza69 ⓋⒶ

10/🧵

The greenwashing of wool, explained

(thanks to @josh for the link)

vox.com/future-perfect/2400805

<💬>
Ruminant farming’s hunger for land has made it a prime engine for colonial expansion around the world; we see this in Brazil, for example, where cattle ranching is driving illegal seizures of Indigenous land. Sheep brought by colonists to Australia “immediately trampled and destroyed all of the native yams and edible vegetables that Aboriginal people had. The land that Aboriginal people never ceded was taken for pastoral practices,” said Emma Hakansson, the Australia-based founding director of Collective Fashion Justice, which advocates for what she calls a “total ethics” fashion system: one that’s fair to people, animals, and the planet. “Animal-derived materials in particular are a focus for us because it’s in those supply chains that all three of those groups are consistently harmed.”
</💬>

Vox · The greenwashing of wool, explainedBy Marina Bolotnikova
#pastoralism#herders#sheep
Public
VeganPizza69 ⓋⒶ

A report on regenerative grazing scammers trying to get $$$$ for "carbon offsets" in Kenya

<💬>
The project, which started in January 2013, is based on the notion that replacing what it calls the traditional ‘unplanned’ grazing with ‘planned rotational grazing’ will allow vegetation in the area to (re)grow more prolifically. This in turn, the project claims, would result in greater storage of carbon in the conservancies’ soils - averaging around three-quarters of a tonne of additional carbon per hectare per year. Thus the project would allegedly generate around 1.5 millions of tonnes of extra carbon ‘storage’ per year, producing around 41 million net tonnes of carbon credits for sale over a 30-year project period. The gross value of these could be around US$300 million – US$500 million, but potentially much more.
</💬>

and

<💬>
The project has been described by the European Commission as the model on which is intends to base a forthcoming large funding programme for conservation projects in Africa called ‘NaturAfrica’.
</💬>

Ironically, the rancher practices also ruin the traditional pastoralist activity because the pastoralists there require vast, vast, tracts of land to move herds over and to find fresh pasture opportunities.

You can expect more of this scamming at #COP28 for sure.

survivalinternational.org/arti

#regenerative#grazing#Kenya
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VeganPizza69 ⓋⒶ

Livestock Use on Public Lands in the Western USA Exacerbates Climate Change: Implications for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation

This is related to "marginal lands" arguments. Ranchers and their apologists like to claim that the lands are somehow useless without their ranching business to squeeze a living profit out of the lands. It's a trick and we do actually need lots of land to be left alone to rewild - including wild animals.

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The social costs of carbon are > $500 million year−1 or approximately 26 times greater than annual grazing fees collected by managing federal agencies. These emissions and social costs do not include the likely greater ecosystems costs from grazing impacts and associated livestock management activities that reduce biodiversity, carbon stocks and rates of carbon sequestration. Cessation of grazing would decrease greenhouse gas emissions, improve soil and water resources, and would enhance/sustain native species biodiversity thus representing an important and cost-effective adaptive approach to climate change.
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link.springer.com/article/10.1

Vegetation change of a riparian ecosystem following cessation of grazing. The left photos are riparian zones on the Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge, Oregon in 1990 which was the last year of grazing on these public lands. The right photos are the same sites about 24 years after cattle were removed. Wetland vegetation now predominates where there was mostly bare ground and exotic dry grasses. (Photos by W. Pyle and S.Ries) The photos show the damaged caused to riparian areas by cows, with the no-grazing area looking nice and restored after the ranchers were prevented from being there.
Left photo: A long-term grazed site dominated by the annual exotic Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), Prineville District, BLM, Oregon. In addition to a dominance by exotic species, there is an absence of biotic soil crusts. The site had been burned about three years prior to the time this photo was taken. Right photo: An ungrazed site dominated by native species, Prineville District, BLM, Oregon. The dominant grasses are Bluebunch Wheatgrass (Pseudoregnaria spicata). The interspaces are dominated by native forbs, Sandberg’s Blue grass (Poa sandbergii) and biological soil crusts. Exotic annuals are <1% cover that this site. This site had also burned ≈3 years prior to the taking of this photo (Photos by J.B. Kauffman)
#cattle#ranching#herders
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VeganPizza69 ⓋⒶ

"The infectious disease trap of animal agriculture"

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Conservation policies should be culturally sensitive, rigorously enforced, and have long-term community buy-in. However, a well-crafted conservation policy is still insufficient to spare land from agricultural pressures; additional land for rising populations and diets richer in animal-sourced foods must come at the expense of clearing native habitats somewhere.
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The largest increases in meat demand and production are occurring in developing, tropical regions. Meat consumption exceeds the dietary requirements in high-income countries and among increasingly urban and middle-class populations of most middle-income countries. As demand rises along with affluence in the coming decades in LMICs and high-income countries continue to sustain high levels of consumption and exports, additional land clearing and GHG emissions will occur even with ambitious levels of intensification.
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To meaningfully flatten the rising curve of animal-sourced foods, demand-side interventions should be implemented, tested, and scaled ambitiously. Even gentle changes to dining options and presentation can create large effects (64). Effective interventions range from these subtle “nudges” to more blatant rewards and incentives, as well as stringent regulations and restrictions. This spectrum has been described using the Nuffield intervention ladder, with lower rungs of “soft” methods or “carrots” (e.g., guidance, suggestions, education, and nudging) to higher rungs of increasingly forceful “hard” interventions or “sticks” at the top (e.g., taxes and bans).
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#conservation #climate #biodiversity #deforestation #zoonosis #zoonoses #animalfarming #pastoralism #herding #ranching #intensivization #extensivization #grazing #pandemic #CAFO

science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv

Higher incomes are associated with high meat demand that must be met through intensification or deforestation (or both). Intensification can trigger higher meat demand through lower prices, because meat demand is elastic with respect to its cost. Intensification and deforestation are highlighted in orange, as both have caused recent zoonotic disease emergence and are predicted to continue doing so. Intensification is colored by a gradient to indicate that intensification strategies lie on a gradient of helpful/neutral to harmful with respect to zoonosis risks.
A three-pillar approach for preventing zoonotic disease emergence and reducing environmental impacts from animal agriculture (center). Within individual circles and the intersections between the two, limitations of adopting only one or two strategies are described.
Requirements to produce 1 metric ton of meat (dressed carcass weight), averaged among all OECD countries and weighted by production quantity, base year 2010. (A) Hectares required for the production of animal feed (crops, pastures, and forages) in natively forested areas, calculated by the author from geospatial potential vegetation data and agricultural production data in (9) and sources therein. (B) Grams of antibiotics used, derived from (74). (C) Number of animals required for slaughter, from United Nations FAOSTAT (105). OECD, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Continued thread
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VeganPizza69 ⓋⒶ

5/🧵

Conflict, violence, and warfare among early farmers in Northwestern Europe pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2209

"This paper explores the key role bioarchaeology plays in creating meaningful perspectives on human conflict and the emergence of warfare in Neolithic Europe. Skeletal datasets are considered in the context of social, economic, and demographic changes that accompanied the shift to a sedentary farming economy. Increasing competition and inequality are key factors that fostered the emergence of larger-scale human conflict and warfare. Beyond numbers, these insights should allow for more significant engagement with the unique experiential qualities of violence in prehistory."

#pastoralism #conflict #capitalism #inequality

"While “successful” foragers can only share the benefits of their efforts in the short term and with a few individuals, successful farmers can accumulate material wealth in the form of cleared land and livestock that both permit and promote ever larger family sizes. These new forms of wealth were also heritable, meaning that emerging wealth disparities could grow wider across multiple generations. The emergence of “wealthy” individuals, especially in more pastoralist groups, will also have created conditions that favored polygamy––some individual males were now able to support more than one spouse. This change would further increase inequality by producing powerful patriarchs at the head of increasingly large families while also disenfranchising other males who might be unable to marry. The former hypothesis appears to be borne out by the recent aDNA study of remains from Hazleton North chambered tomb, southwest England (83), where a single male progenitor had reproduced with four women to produce a five-generation family, with female exogamy. The combination of material, social, and reproductive inequalities created by the conditions arising from domestication contrasts with former egalitarian perceptions of the Neolithic. These new inequalities would be sufficient to account for both the motivations behind the forms of intergroup violence now prevalent and also the form of such interactions with raiding and the abduction of women as apparent among repeated mass burials, now a recurring feature of intergroup hostilities."

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