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#h7n7

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Public
Giuseppe Michieli

#Hemagglutinin and #neuraminidase of a non-pathogenic #H7N7 avian #influenza virus coevolved during acquisition of intranasal #pathogenicity in #chickens, Arch Virol.: link.springer.com/article/10.1

This study demonstrates that viruses that are highly pathogenic when administered intranasally require additional adaptations for increased pathogenicity to be highly lethal to intranasally infected chickens.

SpringerLinkHemagglutinin and neuraminidase of a non-pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus coevolved during the acquisition of intranasal pathogenicity in chickens - Archives of VirologyPolybasic amino acid residues at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site are insufficient to induce the highly pathogenic phenotype of avian influenza viruses in chickens. In our previous study, an H7N7 avian influenza virus named “Vac2sub-P0”, which is nonpathogenic despite carrying polybasic amino acids at the HA cleavage site, was passaged in chick air sacs, and a virus with high intravenous pathogenicity, Vac2sub-P3, was obtained. Intranasal infection with Vac2sub-P3 resulted in limited lethality in chickens; therefore, in this study, this virus was further passaged in chicken lungs, and the resultant virus, Vac2sub-P3L4, acquired high intranasal pathogenicity. Experimental infection of chickens with recombinant viruses demonstrated that mutations in HA and neuraminidase (NA) found in consecutive passages were responsible for the increased pathogenicity. The HA and NA functions of Vac2sub-P3L4 were compared with those of the parental virus in vitro; the virus growth at 40 °C was faster, the binding affinity to a sialic acid receptor was lower, and the rate of release by NA from the cell surface was lower, suggesting that these changes enabled the virus to replicate efficiently in chickens with high intranasal pathogenicity. This study demonstrates that viruses that are highly pathogenic when administered intranasally require additional adaptations for increased pathogenicity to be highly lethal to intranasally infected chickens.
Public
Giuseppe Michieli

Large-Scale #Serological #Survey of #Influenza A Virus in South #Korean Wild #Boar (Sus scrofa) pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/388426

Detected subtypes included 23 cases of pandemic 2009 #H1N1, six of human seasonal #H3N2, three of classical swine H1N1, 13 of triple-reassortant swine #H1N2, seven of triple-reassortant swine H3N2, and seven of swine-origin H3N2 variant. Notably, none of the serum samples tested positive for avian IAV subtypes #H3N8, #H5N3, #H7N7, and #H9N2 or canine IAV subtype H3N2.

PubMedLarge-Scale Serological Survey of Influenza A Virus in South Korean Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) - PubMedIn this comprehensive large-scale study, conducted from 2015 to 2019, 7,209 wild boars across South Korea were sampled to assess their exposure to influenza A viruses (IAVs). Of these, 250 (3.5%) were found to be IAV-positive by ELISA, and 150 (2.1%) by the hemagglutination inhibition test. Detected …
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