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#tools

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#language #tools

"Somewhere on the timeline between the long run of the Oldowan and the more rapid rise of Acheulean technologies, language (or what’s often called protolanguage) likely made its first appearance. Oren Kolodny and his co-author, Shimon Edelman, a professor of psychology at Cornell University, say the overlap is not a coincidence. Rather, they theorize, the emergence of language was predicated on our ancestors’ ability to perform sequence-dependent processes, including the production of complex tools.

Kolodny’s arguments build off the groundbreaking experiments of Dietrich Stout, an anthropologist at Emory University. A flintknapper himself, Stout has taught hundreds of students how to make Acheulean-era tools, and he’s tracked their brain activity during the learning process. Stout found that his students’ white matter—or the neural connectivity in their brains—increased as they gained competence in flintknapping. His research suggests that producing complex tools spurred an increase in brain size and other aspects of hominin evolution, including—perhaps—the emergence of language.

But language couldn’t just pop out fully formed, like Athena from the head of Zeus. 'Every evolutionary process, including the evolution of language, has to be incremental and composed of small steps, each of which independently needs to be beneficial,' Kolodny explains. Teaching, he says, was a crucial part of the process. When hominins like Homo ergaster and Homo erectus taught their close relatives how to make complex tools, they worked their way into an ever more specialized cultural niche, with evolutionary advantage going to those individuals who were not only adept at making and using complex tools, but who were also able—at the same time—to communicate in more and more sophisticated ways.

Kolodny points out what might seem like a contradiction in this notion: Many species of ape use tools in sequence-dependent ways and also have highly developed levels of communication. But the order in which those apes produce their utterances doesn’t make much difference to their meaning, Kolodny explains. 'The question becomes not ‘How did language arise only in humans?’ but ‘Why did it not arise in other apes as well?’ And the answer is, the qualitative difference between us and other apes is they don’t have the communication system coupled to those temporal sequencing structural capabilities.'

That 'coupling' is where the hijacking comes in. The technical term is exaptation, a word coined by the late paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould to describe an evolutionary event in which a biological function is repurposed for an alternate use. Kolodny and Edelman argue that the neural networks required for complex, hierarchical, sequence-dependent tool production were exapted by our brain’s communicative apparatus, which is why word order and sentence structure make such a difference to meaning. Rudimentary language, which evolved in the context of toolmaking and teaching, was ultimately able to break away from its immediate contexts—this is the hijacking part—eventually employing those original cognitive pathways for its own unique purposes. The result, as Monty Python viewers have appreciated for decades, was our modern, turbo-driven faculty for language."

archive.ph/MobNC

Free online vector editor & procedural design tool
Open source free software. A vector graphics creativity suite with a clean, intuitive interface. Opens instantly (no signup) and runs locally in a browser. Exports SVG, PNG, JPG.
graphite.rs/
#image #open-source #svg #tools #vector

GraphiteFree online vector editor & procedural design toolOpen source free software. A vector graphics creativity suite with a clean, intuitive interface. Opens instantly (no signup) and runs locally in a browser. Exports SVG, PNG, JPG.

Hi, fedi! I'm crawling out of my hermit hole to share my new app, TumblBee, with you all 🐝

lilacpixel.itch.io/tumblbee

TumblBee is a pay-what-you-want cross-platform app for exporting your original #Tumblr posts (and pages) to Markdown or HTML. Back up your content and browse it locally, or export to Markdown and drop your posts into your favorite static site generator. (There's even a guide to exporting for Obsidian, if that's your thing.)

If you decide to give it a try, I'd love to hear about it! Boosts are, as always, hugely appreciated 💕 :boost_requested: Thanks so much!

itch.ioTumblBee by CariA Tumblr backup and export tool 🐝

Bought a mini (1/4 scale) sewing mannequin and it came with some free pins and a material measuring tape.

the measuring tape is wildly out of scale on the side supposed to represent 'Inches'

Image: Blue material measuring tape alongside a Silver Metal measuring tape. The Metal Silver tape illustrates how the Blue tape one inch measurement is in reality more than one and a half inches in length.

1990s film photo recently published on "Temporal Fragments" hosted at cosmicfuz.com. See https://cosmicfuz.com/unfinished/ for this specific post.

Instead of using social media primarily, my photos are being presented on my own website. Visitors are invited to view a series of images, along with some text, as an attempt at storytelling.

Have you been seeking a way to present your work outside of the main tech platforms? Would be great to learn about your experience.

#photo #photography #blog #monochrome #blackandwhite #film #1990s #industrial #wordpress #toronto #canada #cosmic #fuz #canon #kodak #vintage #junk #yard #tools #log #pail #hoses #tarp

Hey Fedi. Quick question: Any good screenshot annotation tools for Android? I'm looking for something like Shottr, with basic cropping, adding text, arrows, drawing rectangles, and possibly blurring text. I have a strong preference for FOSS but am willing to pay a one-time fee for exceptional software (no subscriptions). It should work well on both mobile and tablets.

💡 MacOS app tip…

One of the few things I missed when I returned from Windows to Mac was the automatic activation of windows underneath the pointer.

If you also prefer that, the free AutoRaise tool has got you covered:

github.com/sbmpost/AutoRaise

AutoRaise (and focus) a window when hovering over it with the mouse - sbmpost/AutoRaise
GitHubGitHub - sbmpost/AutoRaise: AutoRaise (and focus) a window when hovering over it with the mouseAutoRaise (and focus) a window when hovering over it with the mouse - sbmpost/AutoRaise