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Framing as a “” increases engagement with corrections of misinformation: a nature.com/articles/s41598-024 “Confirmation statements such as “it is TRUE that p” convey that the content is socially acceptable and less likely to expose users to public scrutiny and criticism. Tetlock coins the term “” to describe the behavior of risk-averse subjects who seek to preserve their reputation by aligning themselves with socially accepted positions”

NatureFraming fact-checks as a “confirmation” increases engagement with corrections of misinformation: a four-country study - Scientific ReportsPrevious research has extensively investigated why users spread misinformation online, while less attention has been given to the motivations behind sharing fact-checks. This article reports a four-country survey experiment assessing the influence of confirmation and refutation frames on engagement with online fact-checks. Respondents randomly received semantically identical content, either affirming accurate information (“It is TRUE that p”) or refuting misinformation (“It is FALSE that not p”). Despite semantic equivalence, confirmation frames elicit higher engagement rates than refutation frames. Additionally, confirmation frames reduce self-reported negative emotions related to polarization. These findings are crucial for designing policy interventions aiming to amplify fact-check exposure and reduce affective polarization, particularly in critical areas such as health-related misinformation and harmful speech.

“People behave like intuitive politicians when they seek to maintain a positive reputation or fulfill the social duties for which they are accountable”20. Therefore, confirmation frames communicate greater social acceptability and widespread consensus with published content.

Refutation frames, in contrast, suggest that there are dissenting opinions and raise the potential for conflict.”